Amiloride HCl dihydrate是一種有效的上皮細胞鈉離子通道抑制劑。An epithelial sodium channel blocker

Information

Amiloride HCl dihydrate Amiloride HCl dihydrate is a potent epithelial sodium channel (ENaC) blocker, used in the management of hypertension and congestive heart failure.
In vitro

Amiloride also induces the dephosphorylation of P13K (phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase) and PDK-1 (phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1) kinases along with PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10) and PP1 alpha phosphatases. Amiloride inhibits phosphorylation of kinases and phosphatases by competing with ATP. Amiloride, which causes little or no cytotoxicity by itself, enhances TRAIL-induced apoptosis. Amiloride precludes the alkalinization and in parallel inhibit cellular proliferation. Amiloride directly inhibits autophosphorylation of the EGF receptor. Amiloride significantly enhances recovery to a maximum of 39%, 88%, and 78% for force, +dF/dt, and -dF/dt, respectively. Amiloride, a frequently used inhibitor of Na+/H+ exchange, rapidly inhibits phorbol ester-stimulated protein phosphorylation in vivo and protein kinase C-mediated phosphorylation in vitro, both with potency similar to that with which Amiloride inhibits Na+/H+ exchange. Amiloride blocks phorbol ester-induced adhesion of HL-60 cells (adhesion being a property indicative of the differentiated state), but dimethylamiloride (as well as ethylisopropylamiloride, another very potent amiloride analog) does not. Amiloride inhibits the ouabain-sensitive rate of oxygen consumption (QO2) of a suspension of rabbit intact proximal tubules in the presence of different concentrations of extracellular sodium.