The ERRFI1 (ERBB Receptor Feedback Inhibitor 1) antibody is a tool used to detect and study the ERRFI1 protein, also known as MIG6 (Mitogen-Inducible Gene 6) or RALT (Receptor-associated late transducer). ERRFI1 is a cytoplasmic protein encoded by the ERRFI1 gene, located on human chromosome 1p36.12. It functions as a critical negative regulator of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR/ERBB1) and ERBB2 (HER2) signaling pathways. By binding to activated EGFR/ERBB receptors, ERRFI1 inhibits their kinase activity, attenuates downstream signaling (e.g., MAPK/ERK, PI3K/AKT), and promotes receptor internalization, thereby maintaining cellular homeostasis and preventing uncontrolled proliferation.
ERRFI1 is implicated in various physiological processes, including cell proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis. Its dysregulation has been linked to cancer, where reduced ERRFI1 expression correlates with enhanced EGFR/ERBB signaling, tumor progression, and poor prognosis in cancers such as lung, breast, and glioblastoma. Additionally, ERRFI1 plays roles in tissue repair, inflammation, and metabolic regulation.
The ERRFI1 antibody is widely utilized in research to assess protein expression levels, localization, and interactions via techniques like Western blotting, immunohistochemistry (IHC), and immunoprecipitation (IP). It serves as a valuable tool for investigating ERRFI1's role in cancer biology, therapeutic resistance, and as a potential biomarker for targeted therapies. Commercial ERRFI1 antibodies are typically developed in hosts like rabbits or mice, targeting specific epitopes within the protein's functional domains.