3 - Amino - 5 - Methyl - 4H - 1,2,4 - Triazole (CAS No.: 4923 - 01 - 7) – In-Depth Analysis of a Multifunctional Nitrogen-Containing Heterocyclic Compound

I. Basic Information and Physicochemical Properties
(1) Core Chemical Parameters

• Chinese Name:
  

• English Name: 3 - Amino - 5 - methyl - 4H - 1,2,4 - triazole

• CAS No.: 4923 - 01 - 7

• Molecular Formula: $C_3{H}_6{N}_4$

• Molecular Weight: 98.11

• Appearance: White to light yellow crystalline powder

(2) Physicochemical Properties

• Melting Point: 205 - 207℃

• Boiling Point: 340℃ (atmospheric pressure)

• Density: 1.37 g/cm3

• Solubility: Slightly soluble in cold water, soluble in hot water, ethanol, methanol, and other polar organic solvents.

• Chemical Characteristics:

• Weakly basic; the amino group can react with acids to form salts (e.g., hydrochloride, sulfate).

• The triazole ring is relatively stable, but under specific conditions, the amino group can undergo acylation, alkylation, and other reactions to generate diverse functional derivatives.

II. Upstream and Downstream Industry Chain Analysis
(1) Upstream Raw Materials and Synthesis Process

• Core Raw Materials: Methylhydrazine, cyanamide

• Main Synthesis Route:

• Methylhydrazine and cyanamide react in a suitable solvent (e.g., ethanol) under controlled temperature and catalysis.

• Condensation forms 3 - Amino - 5 - methyl - 4H - 1,2,4 - triazole.

• Purification via filtration, washing, and recrystallization yields high-purity products (70% - 80% yield).

(2) Downstream Products and Derivatives

• Pharmaceutical Field:

• Key intermediate for synthesizing antibacterial and antiviral drugs. Derivatives target pathogen-specific sites to inhibit growth and reproduction.

• Potential for antiepileptic drugs by modulating neurotransmitter release.

• Agrochemical Field:

• Synthesis of high-efficiency, low-toxicity insecticides and fungicides. Derivatives disrupt pest nervous systems or fungal metabolic processes.

• Plant growth regulator precursor to enhance crop yield and quality.

• Materials Science:

• Metal ion ligand for metal-organic complexes with catalytic or fluorescent applications.

• Component in advanced polymers (e.g., flame-retardant materials).

III. Core Application Areas
(1) Pharmaceutical R&D and Innovative Drugs

• Antibacterial Drugs: Derivatives inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis or nucleic acid metabolism, effective against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. Some show promise against drug-resistant strains in clinical trials.

• Antiviral Drugs: Derivatives suppress viral replicase or block viral entry, demonstrating efficacy against influenza and herpes viruses in animal studies.

(2) Agrochemical Innovation and Green Pest Control

• Insecticides: Derivatives target pest neural pathways (e.g., acetylcholinesterase inhibition), offering environmental safety and low non-target toxicity.

• Fungicides: Inhibit fungal respiration or cell wall synthesis, effective against crop diseases like wheat powdery mildew and rice sheath blight.

(3) Materials Science and Advanced Technologies

• Metal-Organic Complexes: Triazole-metal complexes exhibit unique optical and electrical properties (e.g., fluorescent sensors).

• Polymers: Enhances thermal stability and flame resistance when incorporated into polymer structures.

IV. Technological Advantages and Market Dynamics
(1) Technological Advantages

• Simple synthesis process with readily available raw materials. Optimized reaction conditions improve yield and purity.

• Amino group and triazole ring provide reactive sites for diverse functional derivatives.

(2) Market Trends

• Growing demand in pharmaceuticals, agrochemicals, and materials science.

• 2024 Global Market Size: ~$12 million USD, projected to grow at 10% - 13% annually.

• Key producers in China, India, and Europe. Chinese firms gain global share through cost advantages and technological advancements.

V. Safety and Storage Recommendations
(1) Hazard Information

• Irritating to eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. Inhalation, ingestion, or skin absorption may cause harm.

• Wear protective equipment (goggles, gloves, respirator). Avoid contact with food or beverages.

(2) Storage Conditions

• Store in a cool, dry, well-ventilated warehouse, away from heat and ignition sources.

• Keep containers sealed, separated from oxidizers and acids.

VI. SEO Optimization Strategy
(1) Keyword Layout

• Core Keywords: 3 - Amino - 5 - Methyl - 4H - 1,2,4 - Triazole, 4923 - 01 - 7, Triazole Intermediate

• Long-Tail Keywords:

• 3 - Amino - 5 - Methyl - 4H - 1,2,4 - Triazole synthesis process

• Applications of 3 - Amino - 5 - Methyl - 4H - 1,2,4 - Triazole in pharmaceuticals

• Market prospects of 3 - Amino - 5 - Methyl - 4H - 1,2,4 - Triazole

Translation formatted for technical clarity and SEO optimization, retaining original data integrity.